What are the anatomy of the kidney?

What are the anatomy of the kidney?

Anatomical Position The kidneys lie retroperitoneally (behind the peritoneum) in the abdomen, either side of the vertebral column. They typically extend from T12 to L3, although the right kidney is often situated slightly lower due to the presence of the liver. Each kidney is approximately three vertebrae in length.

What is the anatomy and physiology of the kidney?

The renal cortex is a space between the medulla and the outer capsule. The renal medulla contains the majority of the length of nephrons, the main functional component of the kidney that filters fluid from blood. The renal pelvis connects the kidney with the circulatory and nervous systems from the rest of the body.

How the kidney works step by step?

The nephrons work through a two-step process: the glomerulus filters your blood, and the tubule returns needed substances to your blood and removes wastes. Each nephron has a glomerulus to filter your blood and a tubule that returns needed substances to your blood and pulls out additional wastes.

What anatomical structures provide protection to the kidneys?

Each kidney is held in place by connective tissue, called renal fascia, and is surrounded by a thick layer of adipose tissue, called perirenal fat, which helps to protect it. A tough, fibrous, connective tissue renal capsule closely envelopes each kidney and provides support for the soft tissue that is inside.

Which side is the kidney in human body?

Your kidneys are fist-sized organs shaped like beans that are located at the back of the middle of your trunk, in the area called your flank. They are under the lower part of your ribcage on the right and left sides of your backbone.

What is the function of the renal vein in the kidney?

The renal veins are blood vessels that return blood to the heart from the kidney. Each kidney is drained by its own renal vein (the right and left renal vein). Each renal vein drains into a large vein called the inferior vena cava (IVC), which carries blood directly to the heart.

What occurs in the kidney?

There are four basic processes in the formation of urine starting with plasma. Filtration is the mass movement of water and solutes from plasma to the renal tubule that occurs in the renal corpuscle. About 20% of the plasma volume passing through the glomerulus at any given time is filtered.

What is the gross anatomy of the kidney?

Gross Anatomy The kidneys are located on the posterior wall of the abdomen at waist level. Each kidney is roughly 10 cm long and 5 cm wide, and is encased in a fibrous outer capsule called the renal capsule. The main function of the kidneys is to control blood volume and composition.

How to identify the outside of the kidney?

Dissection Instructions Examine the outside of the kidney. The ureter, renal artery, and renal vein all enter the kidney in the same area. If they are present, the ureter can be identified by the larger amount of fat tissue that is usually attached to it. Identify the ureter, renal artery, and renal vein if they are present.

What do you need to know about kidney dissection?

Wash your hands with detergent and warm water before leaving the lab. Dissection Instructions 1. Examine the outside of the kidney. The ureter, renal artery, and renal vein all enter the kidney in the same area. If they are present, the ureter can be identified by the larger amount of fat tissue that is usually attached to it. 2.

How is the function of the kidney determined?

Loop of Henle Proximal Convoluted tubule Distal tubule duct Glomerulus •Function: to filter plasma to form an ultrafiltrate •Size exclusion •Charge exclusion http://robbwolf.com/2011/06/16/clearing-up-kidney-confusion-part-deux/ Ultrafiltrate: Reabsorption and Excretion •Ions/electrolytes ▫Na+, K , Cl-, Ca2+, PO 4 3-, Mg2+, SO 4 2-, HCO

Who is the laboratory examiner for kidney function?

Laboratory Evaluation of Kidney Function Sarah Hackenmueller, PhD Clinical Chemistry Fellow May 13, 2013 University of Utah CME Statements •The University of Utah School of Medicine adheres to ACCME Standards regarding industry support of continuing medical education.