What are bacteriophage lambda based cloning vectors?
What are bacteriophage lambda based cloning vectors?
Bacteriophage lambda has been in use as a cloning vector for over 25 years, and has been used extensively as an expression vector. The efficiency of packaging and infection, and the simplicity of plaque screening are advantages of lambda as a cloning vector.
Why is lambda bacteriophage commonly used as vector instead of other bacteriophage?
Enterobacteria phage λ (lambda phage, coliphage λ) is a bacterial virus, or bacteriophage, that infects the bacterial species Escherichia coli. The phage particle recognizes and binds to its host, E. coli, causing DNA in the head of the phage to be ejected through the tail into the cytoplasm of the bacterial cell.
Is a replacement lambda vector?
The central dispensable fragment of the lambda genome can be replaced by a fragment of heterologous DNA, leading to the construction of replacement vectors such as Charon and EMBL.
Why would you use bacteriophage λ and cosmid as a cloning vector?
Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering As with the phage λ vector, the cosmid vector encodes the cos sequences required for packaging of DNA into λ capsid. Cosmid vectors are designed to clone large fragments of DNA and to grow their DNA as a virus or as a plasmid.
What is bacteriophage with diagram?
A bacteriophage is a virus that infects a bacterial cell and reproduces inside it. They vary a lot in their shape and genetic material. A bacteriophage may contain DNA or RNA. The genes range from four to several thousand. Their capsid can be isohedral, filamentous, or head-tail in shape.
Can bacteriophage used as vector?
Viruses and bacteriophages (the viruses that infect bacteria) provided vectors for some of the first cloning experiments, and they continue to be used in a variety of applications. The most important bacteriophages have been the filamentous phages (especially M13), bacteriophage lambda, and bacteriophage P1.
Is lambda phage a plasmid?
Enterobacteria phage λ (lambda phage, coliphage λ, officially Escherichia virus Lambda) is a bacterial virus, or bacteriophage, that infects the bacterial species Escherichia coli (E. The head contains the phage’s double-strand linear DNA genome. During infection, the phage particle recognizes and binds to its host, E.
What are lambda insertion and replacement vectors?
A DNA cloning vector that takes advantage of the DNA packaging mechanism of bacteriophage lambda to replace a portion of the vector DNA with the desired insert DNA. This approach optimizes the generation of recombinant bacteriophage that contain DNA inserts larger than routinely possible with plasmid cloning vectors.
What is a replacement vector?
Replacement vector or substitution vector is a type of phage vector developed from the removal of a middle ‘filler fragment’ region of phage DNA. The desired foreign DNA insert replaces the phage DNA.
Is bacteriophage a cloning vector?
There are many types of cloning vectors, but the most commonly used ones are genetically engineered plasmids. Cloning is generally first performed using Escherichia coli, and cloning vectors in E. coli include plasmids, bacteriophages (such as phage λ), cosmids, and bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs).
What type of vector is the Lambda gt10?
Lambda gt10 is widely used for cloning small inserts up to 7.6kb. The vector is a linear double stranded DNA that has a unique EcoRI site located near the carboxyl terminus of the lacZ gene in the phage repressor gene cI.
How are lambda replacement vectors used in bacteria?
Lambda replacement vectors contain a restriction site for phage propagation in suitable bacterial host. Remaining part of the lambda genome is removed and is replaced by foreign DNA. Ligation is performed at a ratio of arms to target DNA that favours the formation of very long concatemers.
How are Lambda phages different from bacteriophages?
M-13 is a type of bacteriophage and it is totally different from the lambda phages. The structure is filamentous, the genome size is very small (6407 nucleotides), single-stranded and remain in a circular formation. Due to the small size of DNA, the phage genome can carry only a few recombinant genes.
Can a lambda vector be used for cloning?
Bacteriophage lambda as a cloning vector Extensive research has been directed toward the development of multipurpose lambda vectors for cloning ever since the potential of using coliphage lambda as a cloning vector was recognized in the late 1970s. An understanding of the intrinsic molecular organization and of the genetic events which det …
What are the different types of lambda vectors?
There are following two types of lambda vectors phages which differ in size of DNA they accept: (b) Lambda insertion vectors. Lambda replacement vectors contain a restriction site for phage propagation in suitable bacterial host. Remaining part of the lambda genome is removed and is replaced by foreign DNA.
