What are the indications for lung transplant?

What are the indications for lung transplant?

The most common indications for lung transplantation are advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), interstitial lung disease (ILD), cystic fibrosis (CF), emphysema due to alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) (figure 1) [1].

Which of the following are contraindications to lung transplantation?

Absolute Contraindications for Lung Transplantation

• Active smoking or substance abuse.
• Co-existing failure of organs other than the lungs.
• Current diagnosis of malignancy, including lung cancer; some types of skin cancer may not exclude a patient for consideration.
• HIV disease or infection.
• Irreversible left heart failure.

Do heart transplant patients need pacemakers?

A permanent pacemaker after heart transplantation may be required in the early postoperative period or much later after the transplant event. Our study and others show a decreased rate of pacemaker use with the bicaval technique when compared with the biatrial method.

What are the criteria for lung transplant candidates?

Eligibility

• In general, you must be physiologically 60 years of age or less for bilateral lung transplantation and 65 years of age or less for single lung transplantation.
• You must have a poor prognosis, with an anticipated 18 to 24-month survival.
• You must have no other life-threatening systemic disease.

How long is waiting list for lung transplant?

The average wait is about three to six months for patients with IPF or certain diseases; however, it’s possible the wait could be from a few days to many years depending on your LAS and your disease.

Can a 72 year old get a lung transplant?

Conclusions: Lung transplant can be offered to select older patients up to age 74 with acceptable outcomes. SLT may be preferred for elderly patients, but BLT offers acceptable long-term outcomes without significant short-term risk.

What is the success rate of lung transplants?

For these reasons, long-term survival after a lung transplant is not as promising as it is after other organ transplants, like kidney or liver. Still, more than 80% of people survive at least one year after lung transplant. After three years, between 55% and 70% of those receiving lung transplants are alive.

Which organ can not be transplanted?

If the whole heart cannot be transplanted, heart valves can still be donated.

What are the disadvantages of heart transplants?

Potential risks of a heart transplant may include:

• Infection.
• Bleeding during or after the surgery.
• Blood clots that can cause heart attack, stroke, or lung problems.
• Breathing problems.
• Kidney failure.
• Coronary allograft vasculopathy (CAV).
• Failure of the donor heart.
• Death.

How long is the waiting list for lung transplant?

What is the average life expectancy after a lung transplant?

Although some people have lived 10 years or more after a lung transplant, only about half the people who undergo the procedure are still alive after five years.

What are the current indications for heart transplantation?

To review the current indications and contraindications to listing for cardiac transplantation. To review the necessary workup prior to listing for transplantation. To understand the contemporary outcomes and long-term complications following cardiac transplantation.

When to refer a patient for a lung transplant?

In the case of HIV, patients should have controlled disease with a negative or undetectable viral load and have no current acquired immunodeficiency defining illness. Patients with COPD should be referred for lung transplant if the body mass index, airflow obstruction, dyspnea and exercise capacity (BODE) index is 5 to 6.2.

Can a pacemaker be implanted in the heart?

Newer generations of pacemakers, specifically single chamber devices, have been developed to be free of leads and can be directly implanted into the heart by a minimally invasive process initiated at the femoral vein.

What can a single lead pacemaker be used for?

Atrial single-lead pacemakers (with the lead positioned in the right atrium) can be used to treat isolated sinus node dysfunction with normal AV conduction ( Fig. 22.2 ). In the United States, single-lead atrial pacemakers are rarely implanted.