What conditions cause Stomatocytes?
What conditions cause Stomatocytes?
A significantly high number of stomatocytes can be found in alcoholism, liver and gallbladder disease, cancer and heart disease. A high number of stomatocytes are also seen in congenital stomatocytosis and other rare hereditary diseases.
Why do liver patients have Stomatocytes?
The stomatocytosis subsided gradually during 4–6 weeks of abstinence. Triconcave cells (knizocytes) were observed in 2 patients with terminal alcoholic liver disease. Along with an increased MCV, the presence of stomatocytosis may be a useful erythrocyte indicator of alcoholic liver disease.
How is stomatocytosis treated?
Neonates with overhydrated hereditary stomatocytosis (OHSt) or dehydrated hereditary stomatocytosis (DHSt) may require phototherapy, simple blood transfusions, and, occasionally, exchange transfusions for treatment of anemia and hyperbilirubinemia.
What are the symptoms of hereditary Stomatocytosis?
Most adult patients present a mild anemia or a totally compensated hemolysis, with fatigue, icterus, splenomegaly and risks of secondary complications including cholelithiasis. Patients can also be referred for unexplained hemochromatosis, since iron overload is frequently associated with the disease.
Are Stomatocytes normal?
However, the clinical significance of this observation is unclear because stomatocytes are absent in most patients with the conditions listed. Furthermore, some stomatocytes can be found in normal individuals (3–5%). The most consistent association is that of stomatocytosis and heavy alcohol consumption.
When do you see Stomatocytes?
Most cases of stomatocytosis are due to alteration in permeability, leading to an increase in red cell volume. Stomatocytes form at a low blood acidic pH, as seen in exposure to cationic detergents and in patients receiving phenolthiazine or chlorpromazine. Stomatocytosis can be an inherited or acquired condition.
What does the presence of Stomatocytes mean?
Stomatocytes are red cells with a slit-like or “fish-mouth” central pallor. Stomatocytes may be seen in patients with alcoholic liver disease, hereditary stomatocytosis, or Rh null disease, among other conditions. They may form in vitro in the presence of certain cationic medications or low pH.
How is Stomatocytosis diagnosed?
Diagnosis is based on a massive right shift of the osmotic gradient ektacytometry curve indicating overhydrated red cells and decreased osmotic resistance, together with a substantial increase in the monovalent cation leak compared to controls, and a sharp decrease of the leak as a function of decreasing temperature.
What causes Acanthocytosis?
Severe liver disease is a common cause of acanthocytosis. Similar changes in fats and cells can also result from rare or inherited diseases, including the following. Abetalipoproteinemia. This condition is also called Bassen-Kornzweig syndrome.
What are burr cells indicative of?
The presence of cells called burr cells may indicate: Abnormally high level of nitrogen waste products in the blood ( uremia )
What is McLeod syndrome?
McLeod neuroacanthocytosis syndrome is primarily a neurological disorder that occurs almost exclusively in boys and men. This disorder affects movement in many parts of the body. People with McLeod neuroacanthocytosis syndrome also have abnormal star-shaped red blood cells (acanthocytosis).
What kind of disease causes large numbers of stomatocytes?
Large numbers of stomatocytes are associated with very rare hereditary disorders of red cell cation permeability leading to increased or decreased red cell water content. Hereditary Stomatocytosis comprises two different diseases: the xerocytosis or dehydrated hereditary stomatocytosis and the overhydrated hereditary stomatocytosis.
Is there such a thing as hereditary stomatocytosis?
Hereditary stomatocytosis (HSt) is a rare disorder that presents with various degrees of hemolytic anemia and abnormal red blood cell (RBC) morphology. The genetic abnormalities responsible for these conditions remain incompletely characterized.
What causes red blood cell anemia and stomatocytosis?
Stomatocytosis (red blood cells with a transverse slit or stoma across the center) and hypophosphatemia cause red blood cell membrane abnormalities that can result in hemolytic anemia.
What are stomatocytes in a blood smear?
A few stomatocytes may be observed in blood smears prepared from normal individuals, as well as from patients with acute alcoholism and hepatobiliary disease. Large numbers of stomatocytes are associated with very rare hereditary disorders of red cell cation permeability leading to increased or decreased red cell water content.
